Misconduct in Public Office (MiPO)
Misconduct in Public Office (MiPO) – Explained Simply
1. What is MiPO?
A criminal offence in the UK for public officials who abuse their position or fail in duty, breaking public trust.
2. Where Did This Law Come From?
Developed through common law (court judgments) since the 13th century—not from a specific Act of Parliament.
3. What Counts as Misconduct?
- Public Officer: Must hold a public role (e.g., police, judge, civil servant).
- Acting in That Role: Wrongdoing must occur during official duties.
- Deliberate or Reckless: Done on purpose or with knowledge of wrongdoing.
- Abuse of Trust: Must damage public confidence.
- No Good Excuse: No valid justification or lawful reason.
4. Real-World Examples
- Police officer takes bribes and ignores crimes.
- Civil servant alters records to help a friend.
- Judge gives biased rulings.
- Official leaks confidential data for personal gain.
5. How Serious Must It Be?
Only for serious abuse of power or intentional neglect—not mere mistakes or poor performance.
6. What Happens If Found Guilty?
- Trial in Crown Court.
- Possible sentence up to life (rare).
- Loss of job, reputation damage, and possible ban.
7. Why Change Is Suggested?
Experts say the law is vague, outdated, and applied inconsistently. They propose:
- Corruption in Public Office – misuse of power for personal gain.
- Breach of Duty in Public Office – failing to perform duties properly.
